The 1970s has often been hailed as a great moment for American film, as a generation of “New Hollywood” directors like Scorsese, Coppola, and Altman offered idiosyncratic visions of what movies could be. Yet the auteurist discourse hailing these directors as the sole authors of their films has obscured the important creative roles women played in the 1970s American film industry.
Women and New Hollywood revises our understanding of this important era in American film by examining the contributions that women made not only as directors, but also as screenwriters, editors, actors, producers, and critics. Including essays on film history, film texts, and the decade’s film theory and criticism, this collection showcases the rich and varied cinematic products of women’s creative labor, as well as the considerable barriers they faced. It considers both women working within and beyond the Hollywood film industry, reconceptualizing New Hollywood by bringing it into dialogue with other American cinemas of the 1970s. By valuing the many forms of creative labor involved in film production, this collection offers exciting alternatives to the auteurist model and new ways of appreciating the themes and aesthetics of 1970s American film.
Introduction
AARON HUNTER AND MARTHA SHEARER
Part I History
1 The Rothman Renaissance, or the Politics of Archival (Re)Discovery
ALICIA KOZMA
2 Watering the Grapevine: Jessie Maple, Self-Narration, and the Trajectory of a Career in Community
NICHOLAS FORSTER
3 “It Was a Little Late in the Day for All That Prissy Business”: The New Hollywood Career of Jay Presson Allen
OLIVER GRUNER
4 “We Knew and She Knew That She Was Barbra”: Streisand in the 1970s
NICHOLAS GODFREY
5 I Know Why: Maya Angelou and the Promise of 1970s Hollywood
MAYA MONTAÑEZ SMUKLER
Part II Text
6 Women Editors in New Hollywood: Cutting Down on the Raging Bullshit
KAREN PEARLMAN
7 Elaine May’s Awkward Age
JAMES MORRISON
8 “She’s a Professional, Now”: Girlfriends, Creative Labor, and the Challenge of Feminist Professionalization
ABIGAIL CHEEVER
9 A Different Image: Studies in Contrasts by Women Filmmakers of the L.A. Rebellion
VIRGINIA BONNER
10 Barbara Loden’s Wanda (1970): A Radically Negative Feminist Aesthetic
ANNA BACKMAN ROGERS
Part III Theory and Criticism
11 Genealogies of a Decade: Classifying and Historicizing Women of the New Hollywood
AMELIE HASTIE
12 “Women’s-Movement Anger”: Pauline Kael and New Hollywood
ADRIAN GARVEY
13 Feminism, Auteurism, and the 1970s, in Theory
MARIA PRAMAGGIORE
Acknowledgments
Notes on Contributors
Index